Evaluation of the Haemostatic Activities of Sida corymbosa in Rats

Aims: To evaluate the anti-haemorrhagic activity of the leaf extract of Sida corymbosa in Wistar albino rats, a plant used to arrest bleeding in ethnomedical practices.
Methods: The acute toxicity test was carried out in rats. The haemostatic activities of the extract were investigated using the tail bleeding time and amount of bleeding in rats; effects on haematological parameters were also evaluated in Wistar rats. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was conducted to detect the phytoconstituents of the extract of Sida corymbosa.
Results: In this study, the oral LD50 of the extract was found to be greater than 5 g/kg. Administration of the extract to rats for 14 days produced a dose-dependent and significant (P≤0.05) decrease in bleeding time and quantity of blood loss in pre-treated rats. On oral administration of the extract, the effects of the treatment on haematological parameters – White blood cells, Red blood cell, haemoglobin concentration were not significantly different from control.
Conclusion: This study has shown that Sida corymbosa has constituents with anti-haemorrhagic properties in rats thereby providing scientific validation for the ethnomedical use of the plant in bleeding control.