The Protective effect of water extract of fenugreek seeds, chicory and olive leaves on some biochemical parameters

Modern lifestyle causes a rise in consumption of fast foods which contain high calories. Fast foods contain high fats and carbohydrates with low protein; thus induce malnutrition status. This investigation aimed to study effectiveness of natural products against side effect of malnutrition. Water extracts of fenugreek seeds (raw, germinated and green leaves), chicory and olive leaves were chosen in the present study. Sprague-Daweley male rats (42 rats) were divided to 7 groups. Group 1 fed on basal diet as negative control. Groups 2 to 7 were fed on diet contained 20% vegetable oil and 10% protein as high fat diet (HFD) for 2 weeks before being treated by water extracts. Then, G2 fed on HFD during whole experimental period. Groups 3 to 7 were treated daily (2ml/rats/day) by prepared water extracts of fenugreek seeds (raw, germinated and green leaves), chicory and olive leaves for 8 weeks. At the end of experimental period, blood samples were collected. Rats were weighted, killed and organs removed, washed and weighted, too. Histopathological sections of the organs were examined. The results explained that, water extract of chicory had high levels of minerals and total flavonoids. Water extracts of fenugreek seeds improved serum glucose more than chicory and olive leaves. Water extract of olive leaves had the highest decrease of TG, LDL-C and as well as improvement of the liver functions. While, water extract of raw fenugreek seeds had the greatest improvement for TC, IA and urea. Concerning histopathological study, slides of the aorta and heart showed no histopathological changes for rats treated by prepared water extracts. Rats treated by water extracts of fenugreek seeds (raw, germinated and green leaves) showed a normal histopathological structure. Conclusion: water extracts of fenugreek seeds (raw, germinated and green leaves), chicory and olive leaves could improve serum lipid content and liver functions of malnourished rats.