FACTORS AFFECTING in vitro PROPAGATION EFFICIENCY OF THREE GENOTYPE of Rosa damascena

The Rosa damascena is one of the most important species of Rosaceae family mainly known for its perfuming. Its major products are rose water and essential oil importance in medicine, cosmetics and Food industry. Now, tissue culture technique plays an important role in propagation of this plant considering difficulties like deficiency of stock plants, time consuming and transferring diseases by vegetative propagation methods. Micro propagation is an in vitro culture technique which can produce plenty of intact plantlets in a short period of time. In order to explant disinfection, different concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 75 mg/l) of Nano-silver (NS) were used in addition with 2.5 or 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) for 2.5, 5 or 7 min. and 0.1 or 0.2% mercury chloride (HgCl2) for 3 or 4 min. In order to improve proliferation new regenerated shoots originated of establishment stage were transferred to the medium containing different concentrations of benzyl amino purine (BAP) and thidiazorun (TDZ). The best concentration for NaClO was 2.5% for 5 min and for HgCl2 was 0/2% for 4 min. NS prevented of bacterial contamination and improved in vitro proliferation. The best proliferation treatment obtained of 1.5 mg/l BAP in modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. High level of chlorophyll in in vitro leaves was observed in MS medium with 2.5 mg/l 2, 4-D. At rooting stage, the 1/2 MS consisting 2 mg/l IBA result in the highest percent of rooting (55%) and the maximum average root number (4.4) for plantlets.