Ethanol Addiction Model Development in Swiss Albino Mice- A Novel Method

Background: Research in alcohol dependence in humans is fraught with ethical complexities and experimental limitations. Consequently, nonhuman animal models have become indispensable tools for studying alcohol intoxication and dependence. Genetically modified mice, particularly the C-57 strain, have been preferred for this model due to their natural inclination towards alcohol consumption and addiction development, utilizing this specialized strain necessitates advanced experimental facilities and financial resources.

This study introduces a pioneering approach by developing an 'Ethanol Dependence in Swiss Albino Mice' animal model, addressing both ethical concerns and logistical challenges.

Aim: To develop ethanol dependence in Swiss albino mice through intermittent access to 20% ethanol solutions.

Methods: Dependence was developed in Swiss albino mice by intermitted access of 20% ethanol for 14 days in two groups having six animals in each group. Dependence was confirmed by presence of the withdrawal symptoms like anxiety in EPM, muscular incoordination on Rotarod and behavioural changes of animals after 24 hours of abstinence of ethanol. And all the parameters were assessed on Day 0, 7 and 14

Results: Animals undergoing ethanol withdrawal exhibited increased anxiety, as evidenced by fewer crossings in the open arm, reduced time spent in the open arm, and increased falls on the rota rod on day 7 and 14 significantly compared to the control group. Additionally, ethanol-treated animals showed hyperactivity on day 7, which decreased by day 14, with no significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion: This novel animal model provides an alternative for investigating addiction related phenomena, offering researchers an ethical and cost-effective approach to study ethanol dependence.