The Pattern of Mandibular Fractures in Bangladesh: A 3-Year Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study on 260 Patients

Background and aim: The purpose of this retrospective study was to review patterns of mandibular fractures and associated maxillofacial fractures in a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: We conducted this retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional study at the inpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Dhaka Dental College and Hospital, Bangladesh. The patients were clinically and radiographically diagnosed with mandibular fractures from January 2016 to December 2018. Data were scrutinized by utilizing SPSS statistics software for Windows (Version 22.0).
Results: The study sample included 221 males (84.88%) and 39 females (15.12%), with the male to female ratio of 5.67: 1. Patients' peak frequency was found in the age group of 21-30 (31.31%) years. Road traffic accidents (RTAs; 81.54%) were the predominant cause of mandibular trauma. Bilateral/multiple (48.46%) mandibular fractures were more common than unilateral fractures (30.38%). The body (11.15%) was the most common unilateral fractured site in the mandible, followed by the parasymphysis (8.08%). The most common combination of fracture sites was parasymphysis with angle (9.24%). Mandibular fractures concomitantly occurred with the upper face or mid-face fracture (21%). The most common concomitant fracture was the Le Fort/maxillary (8.46%) fracture.
Conclusion: The majority of the patients were young men. The most common cause of mandibular fractures was RTAs. The most common unilateral fractured site was the mandible body, while the most frequent combination of fractures was parasymphysis with angle. In the present study, Le Fort/maxillary fracture mostly occurred concomitantly with the mandibular fractures.