Assessment of Antiplasmodial and Anti-anaemic Activities of Hoslundia opposita, an Ivorian Medicinal Plant

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the antiplasmodial and anti-anaemic activities of different extracts of Hoslundia opposita

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out from March to November at Institut Pasteur of Côte d’Ivoire.

Methodology: Extracts of Hoslundia opposita were prepared using various solvents. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was investigated on both clinical isolates and Chloroquine-resistant K1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum, using SYBR green I based assay. Moreover, the anti-anaemic activity was assessed on phenyl hydrazine induced anaemia in albino rats.

Results: Two (2) among the five (5) extracts were not active. However, the hydroethanolic, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited a moderate (IC50= [22.88 – 49.65] μg/mL), promising (IC50= [5.99 – 12.1] μg/mL), and very active (IC50= 1.57 μg/mL) on clinical isolates. The hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts showed a promising antiplasmodial activity (IC50= 11.68 and 12.23 μg/mL respectively) on Chloroquine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum. Whereas, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited a potent activity (IC50= 0.78 μg/mL) on it. Extract showing good antiplasmodial activity were used for in vivo anti-anaemic test. Among selected extracts, the hydroethanolic extract was the most active with hematologic recovery percentages better than those of vitamin B12.

Conclusion and Prospect: Hoslundia opposita could be a potential source for new antimalarial drugs. Furthermore, this plant extract might be used as an improved traditional medicine.