GC-MS Analyses of the Volatile Oil Constituents of the Leaf of Landolphia owariensis P. Beauv (Apocynaceae)

Aim: Evaluation of the volatile oil constituents of the leaves of Landolphia owariensis collected from Suleja, Niger State, North Central Nigeria in July 2015, where it is valued as an important medicinal plant used in folk medicines.

Methodology: Fresh leaves were hydrodistilled in an all-glass Clavenger apparatus and their chemical constituents were analyzed by GC-MS.

Results: The examined material contained 0.06% w/w of essential oil. A total of thirty-two compounds were identified in the essential oil, accounting for 86.33% of the oil composition. The main components of the essential oil were pentadecanal (13.63%), 1-dodecanol (6.32%), tetradecanol (5.83%), hexadecatrienal (5.62%), squalene (4.63%), β-ionone (3.25%), α-ionone (2.38%), supraene (3.01%), α-farnesene (3%), carophyllene oxide (2%) and (-)-spathulenol (1.78%).

Conclusion: Landolphia owariensis leaf essential oil could be used in pharmaceutical formulations or in perfumery and as a renewable source of pentadecanal and 1-dodecanol.